Proceedings of the Edinburgh Linguistics Conference
No. 2 (1996)
Stylesheet for Contributions in Word (Windows or Mac)
The final version of the Proceedings will be produced using the Latex text processor, which will take care of most of the formatting automatically.  Therefore the following style guidelines are chosen because they will translate easily from Word to Latex.  Please only use the formatting specified below to help us do this quickly and easily.
Format
This will be done automatically by the program.  However, in order to stay within the required length limit A4, 12-point Times New Roman, 1.5 spaced, with Word’s normal margin settings is recommended.  With these settings the maximum length is 12 pages, including all tables, diagrams, references and appendices.  (This is a maximum—if your conference presentation was shorter than this, don’t worry, there’s no need to make it longer.)
Paragraph formatting, spacing and text alignment (i.e. flushed left or justified) don’t matter—you can use whichever style you prefer!
Title
Place the title of your paper, your name and email address at the beginning.  There’s no need to add any formatting—Latex will do it for you.
Abstract
Include a brief abstract before the beginning of the paper—but as space is short keep it as brief as possible, maximum 100-150 words.
Headings
Please leave section and subsection headings in normal text (i.e. no bold face, italics or underlining), but if you want them to stand out you can leave extra space around them.  Number main sections in the style 1, 2, 3 etc.; sub-sections 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 etc.; and sub-sub-sections in the style 1.1.1, 1.1.2, and so on.
Notes
The programme cannot handle endnotes, so if you really must have notes please use footnotes, placed at the bottom of the page, and numbered like this.1
Examples
Examples with aligned glosses and translations are quite tricky.  The best way will be to indicate exactly in your original which words should be aligned with which, using the tab key, as with the following example, so the human editors can make sure the mechanical one produces them properly:  If you are reading this on screen click the ¶ button on the Word toolbar to see how we have arranged this paragraph.  The ¿ character is a line-break (shift + enter)—use this at the end of each line, except the last, instead of the normal enter.  Then—to really make things easy for us—format the example paragraph as single-space, hanging indent.
(1)	zou	wa	hana	ga 	naga-i
elephant	top	nose	nom	long-nonpast
‘the elephant’s nose is long’
Put the example itself in italics, and the translation in single inverted commas.  Number all the examples across the whole document.
Emphasis
If you want to emphasise anything in the text use italics, like this.
Quotes
Short quotes (less than two lines of text, or an incomplete sentence) should be enclosed in single inverted commas, and embedded within the sentence it is quoted within e.g.:
It was Churchill who complained about ‘the sort of English up with which I will not put’.
It is recommended that when a quote is embedded within a sentence the closing inverted comma and the fullstop are placed as in the last example, ‘and not like this.’  However if you feel strongly about this little prescription, feel free to do it whichever way you prefer.  You might also be interested in looking at Geoffrey Pullum’s amusing essay, for a linguist’s view of this particular wee shibboleth (Pullum 1991a).
A longer quote should be indented by one centimetre, no inverted commas, just as if it was a separate paragraph e.g.
But who on Earth would actually need to say such a thing as zou wa hana ga nagai?  As one writer put it:
	It would have to come in a list, probably while the speaker was turning the pages of a picture book: Giraffes have long necks, lemurs have big eyes, minks have nice fur, tapirs have huge rumps, and as for elephants, well, they have long noses. (Rubin 1992: 44)
Citing
Cite the name plus date, in the usual style.  Page numbers can be given where relevant separated by a colon.  The source for a long quote can immediately follow the quote, as with the example above—there’s no need to place it on a separate line. If there are more than two authors, simply cite the first author + “et al.” (so that a well known book on researching language would be cited as: Cameron et al. 1992).
Figures & tables
Include a clear caption, labelled “Figure #” or “Table #”, following the diagram.  Make sure they are referred to in the text, and try to place them as close as possible to the section of text where they are referred to.
Stranded prepositions? Split infinitives?
If you want to boldly split infinitives no-one has ever split before, or leave your prepositions stranded, that’s fine.  We’re not prescriptivists, after all, are we ...?
References
The following are the general guidelines for references, plus a few examples.  Other than the specific formatting mentioned (e.g. italics for titles) there is no other formatting necessary for the references section.  Do, however, separate every part of each reference with a fullstop, as shown in the examples.

·	Authors: write first author in the order “Surname, First name (or initials)”, and all remaining authors in the order “First name (or initials), Surname”.  It is not necessary to reduce every author’s name to surname + one initial as some journals do—you can use as many full names as you feel necessary to identify the author, and you may even like to read another of Pullum’s amusing diatribes on this subject (1991b).  (In fact, if you are quite certain you could identify “Zwicky, A.” from such a bibliography citation then you should read this essay!)
·	Multiple authors: if there are two authors separate their names with &; if there are three or more separate the last two names with &, and the rest with commas.  When you have two or more entries with the same author use a long dash “—”2 instead of repeating the author’s name.
·	Year: use “a, b, c” etc. if there is more than one entry with the same author and year.
·	Titles of books and journals: Put in italics, and use normal capitalisation.
·	Titles of articles, papers etc.: No capitals, no italics, and no inverted commas.
·	Journals: Cite as “Title Number(Issue–if known): Page nos.” e.g.
	“Language in Society 21(2): 31-45”
·	Books: end with “City (or Cities): Publisher”.  If you are citing a second or later edition then add e.g. “(2nd ed).” after the title.  If the authors are editors put “(ed).” or “(eds).” after their names.
·	Collections: if you cite two or more essays from a collection, you can enter the book as a separate entry, and cite it as with the Pullum entries below.  If only one chapter is cited from a collection then both can be cited within the same entry (see the Gould entry below).  Indicate the page reference using “pp#-#”.
·	Unpublished theses, papers etc.: Format PhD titles like those of books, and all others like articles.  Give the place of production (e.g. “Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Edinburgh”), or delivery (e.g. “Paper given at the X Conference, University of X, June 1999”).
Examples
Cameron, Deborah, E. Frazer, P. Harvey, Ben Rampton & K. Richardson (eds). 1992. Researching Language. London: Routledge.
Cleary, J. 1995. Do elephants have long noses? Possession, location and the ‘double-nominative’ clause in Japanese case grammar. Unpublished manuscript, Dept. of Applied Linguistics, University of Edinburgh.
Gould, Stephen Jay. 1983. What, if anything, is a zebra? In Hen’s Teeth and Horse’s Toes. London: Penguin, pp355-365.
Pullum, Geoffrey. 1991a. Punctuation and human freedom. In Pullum 1991c, pp67-75.
— 1991b. Seven deadly sins in journal publishing. In Pullum 1991c, pp84-91.
— 1991c. The Great Eskimo Snow Hoax and Other Irreverent Essays on the Study of Language. Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press.
Rubin, Jay. 1992. Gone Fishin’: new angles on perennial problems. Tokyo & New York: Kodansha.
Vantu, Ileana. 1991. La sémiotique des mots croisés. Revue Roumaine de Linguistique 36(1-2): 23-29.
1  But try to avoid them, and in any case limit each one to a maximum of one paragraph.
2 control + alt + number-pad-minus on the keyboard, pressed simultaneously.

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Proceedings of Linguistics Conference 2: Stylesheet (Word version)							JC:{date  \l |17/10/96}: p.{page |3}